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Richard Anthony Salisbury, FRS (originally ''Richard Markham''; 2 May 1761 – 23 March 1829) was a British botanist. While he is remembered as a valuable worker in horticultural and botanical sciences, several bitter disputes caused him to be ostracised by his contemporaries. ==Life== Richard Anthony Markham was born in Leeds, England, the son of Richard Markham, a cloth merchant. He attended the University of Edinburgh—possibly instructed by John Hope—and became friendly with James Edward Smith. He changed his last name to Salisbury following a supposed financial arrangement for support in his studies. This arrangement made with a Mrs. Anna Salisbury, related by marriage to his grandmother, or so he claimed in correspondence with Joseph Banks.〔 Salisbury married Caroline Staniforth in 1796. One child, Eleanor, was born to the couple in 1797; the two separated shortly thereafter. Salisbury had apparently misrepresented his finances when he had proposed marriage, and had large debts at the time of his daughter's birth and had declared bankruptcy for dubious purposes. His honesty in legal and financial matters seems to have been questionable, if not devious. He apparently recovered financially by 1802, when he bought a house.〔 He established substantial gardens at one of his father's estates, Chapel Allerton, near Leeds, and purchased the former estate of Peter Collinson, Ridgeway House. It was at the latter that a long running dispute began between Smith and him. Salisbury contributed annotations to Edward Rudge's ''Plantarum Guianæ Icones'' (1805–7), and descriptions to ''Paradisus Londinensis'' (1806–9). The latter was illustrated by William Hooker, and contained the genus name ''Hookera'' honouring him. The genus was renamed by Smith a few years later, ''Brodiaea'', after his wealthy "friend and patron", James Brodie of Brodie. In 1809, Salisbury was appointed the first honorary secretary of the Horticultural Society. His successor Joseph Sabine found he had left the accounts in disarray. He moved to London around this time; his small garden contained a large number of exotic and rare plants. Salisbury opposed the use of Linnaeus's ''systema sexuale'' for classifying plants, which was one reason why others ignored his work. Another was the belief that Salisbury had behaved unethically. The censure was later reported as: Salisbury was known as a man who was difficult to get along with, and was shunned by many botanists of his day. Nonetheless, he was a meticulous botanist who contributed significantly to the science. His contributions to English botany include a Corsican pine (''Pinus nigra'') delivered to Kew Gardens, his herbarium was also passed there via his adopted son, Matthew Burchill. Salisbury has met Alphonse de Candolle in his later years, and offered to leave him his inheritance if he would take the name of 'Salisbury'. He died in 1829. His manuscripts were obtained by John Edward Gray, who published part as ''Genera Plantarum'' and deposited the remaining documents at the British Museum. The portrait in pencil by Burchell (1817), acquired by Kew, and Smith's genus ''Salisburia'', a synonym for ''Ginkgo'', denote his part in the history of British botany.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Anthony Salisbury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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